Major
citalopram × Esomeprazole
SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)×Drugs for peptic ulcer and GORD. Proton pump inhibitors
Mechanism
Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole, the same CYP2C19 inhibitor. Citalopram plasma levels rise by 40–50%. The FDA caps citalopram at 20 mg/day with CYP2C19 inhibitors.
Symptoms
QT prolongation on ECG. Clinically: dizziness, syncope, palpitations. Severe cases progress to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (torsades de pointes). Risk is higher with hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, bradycardia, and ischaemic heart disease.
Management
Cap citalopram at 20 mg/day when combined. Alternative PPIs without CYP2C19 effect: pantoprazole or rabeprazole.