Moderate
Ciprofloxacin × Omeprazole
Fluoroquinolone antibacterials×Proton pump inhibitors
Mechanism
Ciprofloxacin absorbs better in acidic gastric environment. Omeprazole raises gastric pH — ciprofloxacin bioavailability drops by 20–30%. Clinically significant in infections with borderline pathogen sensitivity.
Symptoms
In severe infection: inadequate clinical response — persistent fever, symptoms, and inflammation markers 48–72 hours after antibiotic start.
Management
On the combination, take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after omeprazole. If dosing cannot be separated, alternative antibiotics: amoxicillin-clavulanate for respiratory infections, a cephalosporin for UTIs. In urinary infections, ciprofloxacin still reaches adequate urine concentrations regardless of bioavailability.
Sources
- Lexicomp: Lexicomp Drug Interactions (2024)– Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. Lexi-Interact Online, 2024
- Pharmaceutical Press: Stockley's Drug Interactions, 12th edition (2024)– Preston CL (ed.). Stockley's Drug Interactions. 12th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2024