Moderate
Calcium carbonate × Levothyroxine sodium
Mineral supplements. Calcium×Thyroid hormones
Mechanism
Calcium binds levothyroxine in the gut as insoluble complexes, reducing absorption by 20–25%.
Symptoms
Return of hypothyroidism: fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, low mood. In thyroid cancer, loss of TSH control.
Management
Take levothyroxine in the morning on empty stomach, 30–60 minutes before food and other drugs. Take calcium carbonate 4 hours after levothyroxine (e.g. at lunch or in the evening). Check TSH 6–8 weeks after starting calcium.
Sources
- ATA: Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypothyroidism (2014)– Thyroid 2014;24(12):1670–1751