Major
Amlodipine × Carbamazepine
Calcium channel blockers (dihydropyridines)×Antiepileptics. Carboxamide derivatives
Mechanism
Carbamazepine induces CYP3A4 – the main amlodipine metabolic route. Amlodipine plasma levels fall and the antihypertensive effect weakens.
Symptoms
Blood pressure returns to baseline or higher, headache. In angina, episodes reappear. Symptoms emerge 1–2 weeks after starting carbamazepine.
Management
During carbamazepine therapy, increase amlodipine 1.5- to 2-fold with blood pressure monitoring, or switch to an ACE-I (enalapril) or diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide). Alternative anticonvulsants without induction: levetiracetam, lamotrigine.